Proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Introduction: The microvascular similarities of the retina and the kidney cause the manifestations of diabetic microangiopathy to occur in both systems. Few epidemiological data exist on this group of patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), so the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of proliferative and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 205 type 2 diabetic patients with stage 5 CKD undergoing hemodialysis at the Hospital Eugenio Espejo from June 2013 to May 2014 were evaluated. Comorbidity was determined in all patients (n=205). Associated abilities, glycosylated hemoglobin, time of evolution of DM2, and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy were determined. In all eyes (n=410), visual acuity, degree of diabetic retinopathy, and complications of diabetic retinopathy were determined.

Results: Of 205 patients, 62.9% were women, 53.7% were aged between 70-79 years, the time of evolution of DM2 was more significant than 20 years in 65.9%, and 83.4% were treated with insulin. 92.2% had DR, 58% were cases of non-proliferative DR, and 34.2% had PDR.

Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of DR in this group of a non-symmetrical type. The severity of the involvement concerns kidney damage since more than half of the patients present RDNP while the kidney is in end-stage renal failure.