Prevalencia de rechazo de injerto mediado por anticuerpos en pacientes pediátricos con trasplante renal.

Estudio observacional en un centro único.

Resumen

Introduction: The main objective in managing kidney transplant recipient patients is to maintain an adequate state of immunosuppression to avoid the presentation of immunological rejection of the graft. Antibody-mediated active rejection is one of the most frequent causes of graft dysfunction in the early posttransplant period and a significant cause of decreased survival; however, in Mexico, there are few reports of this prevalence event, especially concerning the pediatric population.

Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study. All children with a kidney transplant who have been transplanted at the UMAE Hospital de Pediatría CMNO. The list of patients diagnosed with "graft rejection," "humoral rejection," "acute graft rejection," "acute humoral rejection," and

The medical file requested "antibody-mediated rejection" from January 2018 to December 2020. Later, the electronic files were reviewed with the affiliation number. The data necessary for the investigation were emptied and analyzed in a capture sheet.

Results: A total of 103 patients who received a kidney transplant in 3 years were studied; 2 were excluded, leaving 101 patients. Of these, 15 patients presented acute rejection classified by renal graft biopsy, with 1 (6.6%) classified as cellular rejection, 3 (20%) classified as mixed rejection, and 11 (73.3%) classified as antibody-mediated rejection, representing 10.9% of the transplanted patients, of which 8 (72.7%) received a transplant from a related living donor, and 3 (27.3%) received it from a cadaveric donor. An equitable distribution by gender was found; there were 6 (54.5%) male patients and 5 (45.4%) female patients. The age range was from 7 to 19 years, with a mean of 13 years.

Conclusion: The prevalence of antibody-mediated rejection in pediatric patients at the UMAE Hospital de Pediatría CMNO was 10.9%.